Pulmobreathe powder for oral suspension 2g x 20 sachets — Made in India — Free Delivery

Pharmacodynamics. Ambroxol hydrochloride is a mucolytic and expectorant agent that has a pronounced expectorant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and slight antitussive effect. stimulates serous cells of the glands of the bronchial mucosa, increases the amount of mucous secretion and thus changes the disturbed ratio of serous and mucous components. this leads to the normalization of rheological parameters of sputum, reducing its viscosity and adhesive properties. directly stimulates the motor activity of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchi, prevents its adhesion and improves mucociliary evacuation of sputum. Ambroxol increases the content of surfactant in the lungs, and also prevents its destruction in pneumocytes. Ambroxol does not cause bronchial obstruction, but, on the contrary, improves the function of external respiration. it has been proven that the preparation reduces the hyperreactivity of bronchial muscles in patients with asthma. Ambroxol has anti-inflammatory effect, antioxidant properties, stimulates local immunity and renewal of the natural surfactant layer. when taking ambroxol, patients' complaints of cough and phlegm are significantly reduced according to the intensity of treatment.

Acetylcysteine ​​is a mucolytic and expectorant agent. Due to the free sulfhydryl group, it breaks the bisulfide bonds of mucopolysaccharides of sputum, which leads to a decrease in the viscosity of bronchial secretions. Increases mucociliary clearance. It has an antioxidant effect due to its ability to bind free radicals. Increases the synthesis of glutathione, which is an important factor in detoxification; due to this property, acetylcysteine ​​is used to treat acute poisoning with paracetamol, phenols, aldehydes and other substances.

Ambroxol hydrochloride. The absorption of ambroxol hydrochloride from oral forms of non-prolonged action is fast and fairly complete, with a linear dose dependence in the therapeutic range. Peak plasma levels are reached after 1–2.5 h with oral administration of rapid-release dosage forms.

Distribution. When taken orally, the distribution of ambroxol hydrochloride from the blood to the tissues is rapid and pronounced, with the maximum concentration of the active substance in the lungs.

Metabolism and excretion. About 30% of the dose after oral administration is excreted by first pass metabolism. Ambroxol hydrochloride is metabolized mainly in the liver by glucuronidation and cleavage to dibromantranilic acid (about 10% of the dose). After 3 days of oral administration, about 6% of the dose is excreted in the urine unchanged, about 26% of the dose is in the conjugated form.

T½ from blood plasma is about 10 hours.

In patients with impaired liver function, the excretion of ambroxol hydrochloride is less, which results in 1.3–2 times higher plasma levels.

Age and gender do not have a clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of ambroxol hydrochloride, so dose adjustment is not required.

Food intake does not affect the bioavailability of Ambroxol hydrochloride.

Acetylcysteine. After oral administration, acetylcysteine ​​is rapidly and completely absorbed and metabolized in the liver to form cysteine, a pharmacologically active metabolite, as well as diacetylcysteine, cystine, and further mixed disulfides. Bioavailability is very low - about 10%. Cmax in blood plasma is achieved within 1-3 hours after administration. Plasma protein binding is about 50%. Acetylcysteine ​​is excreted by the kidneys as inactive metabolites (inorganic sulfates, diacetylcysteine).

T½ is determined mainly by rapid biotransformation in the liver and is about 1 hour. In the case of a decrease in liver function, T½ is extended to 8 hours.