Amoksiklav Quicktab (Amoxicillin) 875mg/125mg 14 tablets — Made in Poland by Sandoz — Free Delivery

(Amoksiklav Quicktab (Amoxicillin) 875mg/125mg )

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Description Amoksiklav Quicktab (Amoxicillin) 875mg/125mg 14 tablets — Made in Poland by Sandoz — Free Delivery

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics. mechanism of action. Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin (beta-lactam antibiotic) that inhibits one or more enzymes (often called penicillin-binding proteins - psb) in the biosynthetic metabolism of bacterial peptidoglycan, which is an integral structural component of the bacterial cell wall. inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis leads to a weakening of the cell wall, resulting in lysis and cell death.

Amoxicillin is sensitive to degradation by beta-lactamases produced by resistant bacteria, therefore, the spectrum of activity of amoxicillin in monotherapy does not include organisms producing these enzymes.

Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactam structurally related to penicillins. It deactivates some beta-lactamase enzymes, thereby preventing the inactivation of amoxicillin. Clavulanic acid alone has no clinically beneficial antibacterial effect.

Pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics ratio. Time exceeding the MIC (VMPK) is considered the main factor determining the effectiveness for amoxicillin.

Mechanisms of resistance. There are two mechanisms of amoxicillin / clavulanic acid resistance:

- inactivation by bacterial beta-lactamases, which are not inhibited by themselves by clavulanic acid, including class B, C and D;

- transformation of PSB, which reduces the affinity of the antibacterial drug to the target.

Bacterial impermeability or the reflux pump mechanism can cause or contribute to bacterial resistance, particularly in gram-negative bacteria.

Limit values. The European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) MIC limits for amoxicillin / clavulanic acid:

Organisms	Limit values of sensitivity, μg / ml
	Sensitive	Moderately sensitive	Resistant
Haemophilus influenzae1	≤1	—	1
Moraxella catarrhalis1	≤1	—	1
Staphylococcus aureus2	≤2	—	2
Coagulase-negative staphylococci2	≤0,25		0,25
Enterococcus1	≤4	8	8
Streptococcus A, B, C, G5	≤0,25	—	0,25
Streptococcus pneumoniae3	≤0,5	1—2	2
Enterobacteria1,4	—	—	8
Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria1	≤4	8	8
Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria1	≤4	8	8
Limit values that do not apply to individual species1	≤2	4—8	8
1 Reported values for amoxicillin concentrations. For the purpose of determining the sensitivity, the concentration of clavulanic acid is set at 2 mg / l. 2 Reported values for oxacillin concentrations. 3 The limit values in the table have been calculated from the limit values for ampicillin. 4 The limit value of resistance R8 mg / l means that all strains with resistance mechanisms are declared as resistant. 5 The limit values given in the table have been calculated from the limit values for benzylpenicillin.

The prevalence of resistance can vary geographically and over time for individual species, so local information on susceptibility is desirable, especially for severe infections. If necessary, an expert opinion is required if the local prevalence of resistance is such that the usefulness of the drug, at least for some types of infections, is questionable.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption. Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid completely dissociate in an aqueous solution at a physiological pH level. Both components are rapidly and well absorbed when taken orally. The bioavailability of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is about 70% when taken orally. The plasma profiles of both components are identical, and the time to reach the plasma Cmax (Tmax) for each component is approximately 1 hour.

The serum concentrations of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid that are achieved with amoxicillin / clavulanic acid are identical to those achieved with oral administration of equivalent doses of amoxicillin or clavulanic acid alone.

Distribution. About 25% of the total volume of clavulanic acid in blood plasma and 18% of the total drug in blood plasma binds to proteins. The volume of distribution is about 0.3-0.4 l / kg of body weight for amoxicillin and about 0.2 l / kg for clavulanic acid.

After intravenous administration, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid were detected in the gallbladder, peritoneum, skin, adipose tissue, muscle tissue, synovial and peritoneal fluid, bile and pus. Amoxicillin is not sufficiently distributed in the CSF.

In animal studies, there was no evidence of a significant retention of substances derived from any of the components of the drug in the tissues of the body. Amoxicillin, like most penicillins, can be detected in breast milk. A small amount of clavulanic acid can also be found in breast milk (see Use during pregnancy or lactation).

It has been established that both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid penetrate the placental barrier (see Use during pregnancy or lactation).

Biotransformation. Amoxicillin is partially excreted in the urine as inactive penicillic acid in amounts equivalent to 10-25% of the initial dose. Clavulanic acid is largely metabolized in the human body and excreted in urine and feces and in the form of d

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