Metformin-Astrafarm 500 mg Tablets | Indications & Buy Online

Metformin-Astrafarm 500 mg is a gold-standard pharmacological agent used as a first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It is particularly effective for patients with excess body weight whose glycemic levels are not adequately managed by diet and physical exercise alone. As a biguanide antihyperglycemic, it works by improving the body's response to insulin without stimulating additional insulin secretion, thereby maintaining a favorable safety profile regarding hypoglycemia. Whether used as a standalone treatment or in combination with insulin, Metformin-Astrafarm is a cornerstone in preventing the long-term vascular complications of diabetes.

Composition and Active Substance

Each film-coated tablet contains:

• Active Substance: Metformin hydrochloride — 500 mg.

• Excipients: Povidone, magnesium stearate.

• Coating: Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose 2910, 5sPz, PEG 6000, and titanium dioxide.

Pharmacological Action

Metformin exerts its antidiabetic effects through three primary pathways:

1. Hepatic Regulation: It suppresses gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose) and glycogenolysis in the liver.

2. Muscle Sensitivity: It increases peripheral insulin sensitivity, allowing skeletal muscles to take up and utilize glucose more efficiently.

3. Intestinal Absorption: It slows the rate of glucose absorption from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream.

Furthermore, metformin has a beneficial impact on lipid metabolism, often helping to reduce total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.

Indications for Use

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): Treatment for adults and children aged 10 years and older.

• Monotherapy or Combination: Can be used alone or alongside other oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin.

• Risk Reduction: Utilized as a primary intervention to reduce diabetes-related complications in overweight adult patients.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to metformin or any tablet components.

• Metabolic Crisis: Diabetic ketoacidosis or precoma.

• Renal Dysfunction: Moderate (Stage IIIb) or severe kidney failure (GFR < 45 ml/min/1.73 m²).

• Acute Risks: Dehydration, severe infections, or shock.

• Hypoxia-Inducing Conditions: Decompensated heart failure, respiratory failure, recent myocardial infarction.

• Hepatic Issues: Liver failure, acute alcohol poisoning, or chronic alcoholism.

Dosage and Administration

Adults:

• Starting Dose: Typically 500 mg (1 tablet) taken 2–3 times daily.

• Adjustment: After 10–15 days, the dose should be titrated based on blood glucose levels.

• Maximum Dose: 3000 mg per day, split into three administrations.

Children (Aged 10+):

• Starting Dose: 500 mg once daily.

• Maximum Dose: 2000 mg per day, split into 2–3 administrations.

Special Administration Tips

• With Food: Always take the tablets during or after meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.

• Gradual Titration: Increasing the dose slowly over several weeks helps the digestive system adapt to the medication.

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions

• Gastrointestinal (Very Common): Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. These are most frequent at the start of therapy.

• Metabolic: Lactic acidosis (rare but severe); decreased Vitamin B12 absorption during long-term use.

• Nervous System: Metallic taste in the mouth (dysgeusia).

• Skin: Mild erythema or itching in sensitive individuals.

Special Precautions & Warnings

• Lactic Acidosis: A medical emergency characterized by dyspnea, abdominal pain, and hypothermia. Seek immediate care if these symptoms occur.

• Surgery: Discontinue use 48 hours before elective surgeries involving general or spinal anesthesia.

• Pregnancy and Lactation: Insulin is preferred during pregnancy to maintain strict glucose control. Breastfeeding is not recommended during metformin therapy due to insufficient safety data.

• Driving: Monotherapy does not cause hypoglycemia; however, risks arise when combined with sulfonylureas or insulin.

Storage Conditions and Shelf Life

• Store in the original packaging to protect from moisture.

• Keep at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.

• Shelf Life: 5 years. Ensure the medication is kept out of reach of children.