Pikovit 30 tablets — Made in Slovenia — Free Delivery
(Pikovit )
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Description Pikovit 30 tablets — Made in Slovenia — Free Delivery
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics. Pikovit in pill form contains vitamins in combination with calcium and phosphorus. vitamins are substances involved in the regulation of many biochemical processes in the human body. the effects of vitamins and minerals in the body are primarily physiological rather than pharmacodynamic.
B vitamins (B1, B2, B6, B12 pantothenic acid and nicotinamide) are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, and also play an important role in the functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin A is essential for the development of epithelial cells and for the synthesis of visual pigment.
Vitamin D3 regulates calcium absorption and promotes proper mineralization of bones and teeth. Vitamin C controls the absorption of iron and is involved in redox processes in the body.
Minerals are vital to the body. They form the constituent parts of connective tissue and act as activators and constituents of enzymes.
Calcium and phosphorus play an important role in the mineralization of bones and teeth. Calcium ions activate many enzymes involved in the regulation of the tone of the heart muscle, in the transmission of nerve impulses and regulate the permeability of cell membranes.
Pharmacokinetics
There is no data on the pharmacokinetics of Pikovit. Due to their complex composition and because vitamins and minerals are present in the diet as a norm, it is impossible to study such small doses of vitamins that are contained in Pikovit.
Water-soluble vitamins (B vitamins and vitamin C) are well absorbed in quantities according to the daily requirement. Excessive amounts are excreted in the urine, in some cases in the feces. These vitamins are stored in the body in limited quantities; therefore, they should be used regularly to maintain appropriate tissue concentrations.
In the presence of fat, orally administered fat-soluble vitamins A and D3 are well absorbed in the small intestine. When taken in large quantities, these vitamins are stored in the liver and therefore more toxic than water-soluble vitamins.
Calcium ions are absorbed in the small intestine by active transport and passive diffusion. 45% of calcium binds to blood plasma proteins. Excess calcium is mainly excreted in urine and feces. Phosphate is absorbed in the digestive tract by active transport and passive diffusion and is distributed throughout the blood plasma, extracellular fluid, cell membrane, collagen and bones. Most of the phosphate is absorbed in the small intestine and excreted primarily in the urine.
Indications
The preparation is intended for children:
- with reduced appetite;
- with physical and mental stress in schoolchildren;
- with developmental lag;
- as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy;
- with a seasonal shortage of fruits and vegetables in the diet.
Application
For the prevention of hypovitaminosis:
children aged 4 to 6 years - 1 tablet 1-2 times a day;
children aged 7 to 14 years - 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.
For the treatment of hypovitaminosis:
children aged 4 to 6 years - 1 tablet 4–5 times a day;
children aged 7 to 14 years - 1 tablet 5-7 times a day.
Film-coated tablets should be sucked in the mouth.
With a decreased appetite, Pikovit is recommended to be used within 2 months, for other indications - if necessary, depending on the duration and frequency of symptoms after consulting a doctor.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to active substances or to any excipient; hypervitaminosis with vitamins a and d3; nephrolithiasis; gout; hyperuricemia; erythremia; erythrocytosis; thrombophlebitis; thromboembolism; fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome, sucrase-isomaltase deficiency; metabolic disorders of iron and copper; hypercalcemia; hypercalciuria; thyrotoxicosis; chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic heart failure; history of sarcoidosis; ulcers of the stomach and duodenum (due to the possibility of an increase in the acidity of gastric juice); pulmonary tuberculosis; renal failure, concomitant use of retinoids, untreated cobalamin deficiency, pernicious anemia, malignant neoplasms.
Side effects
From the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions to the components of the preparation, including anaphylactic shock, bronchospasm, angioedema.
From the side of metabolism and nutrition: hypercalcemia, calcification.
From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, drowsiness, irritability.
From the side of the organ of vision: visual impairment.
From the digestive tract: dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, belching, stomach pain, constipation, diarrhea, increased secretion of gastric juice, heartburn.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: rash, urticaria, itching, redness, eczema.
From the side of the kidneys and bladder: discoloration of urine, hypercalciuria, damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys.
Others: hyperthermia, excessive sweating.
With long-term use in high doses, the following side effects may occur.
From the side of metabolism and nutrition: hyperuricemia; impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, impaired glycogen synthesis, anorexia.
From the nervous system: paresthesia.
From the heart: arrhythmia, hypertension, myocardial dystrophy, arterial hypotension.
From the side of the blood: thrombocytosis, hyperprothrombinemia, thrombosis.
The use of ascorbic acid at a dose of 1 g / day (which is more than 100 Pikovit tablets) in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency can cause hemolysis of erythrocytes (hemolytic anemia).
From the digestive tract: irritation of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, flatulence, a feeling of bitterness in the mouth.
On the part of the skin and subcutaneous tissue: dry and cracked skin on the palms and feet, hair loss, seborrheic rash.
From the side of the kidneys and bladder: renal failure, crystalluria, the formation of urate, cystine and / or oxalate calculi.
Research: a transient increase in the activity of AsAT, LDH, ALP, an increase in the level of calcium in the blood and urine, glucosuria.
special instructions
If any hypersensitivity reactions occur during treatment, the preparation should be discontinued. before the combined use of other vitamin, mineral and / or mineral-vitamin preparations, it is imperative to consult a doctor. the preparation is not recommended to be prescribed simultaneously with other multivitamins, as overdose is possible. do not exceed the recommended dose.
Patients with diabetes mellitus can use Pikovit, but they should take into account that each tablet contains 0.6 g of sugar, the daily dose contains from 2.4 to 4.2 g of sugar.
Prescribe with caution to patients with a history of kidney disease, liver disease, acute nephritis, cardiac decompensation, cholelithiasis, chronic pancreatitis, allergic diseases, idiosyncrasy, neoplasms, a tendency to thrombosis and bleeding (hemophilia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopathy).
It is possible that urine stains yellow, which is a completely harmless factor and is explained by the presence of riboflavin in the preparation.
The absorption of ascorbic acid can be impaired in case of intestinal dyskinesia, enteritis and achilia. Since ascorbic acid increases the absorption of iron, its use in high doses can be dangerous for patients with hemochromatosis, thalassemia, polycythemia, leukemia, and sideroblastic anemia. Ascorbic acid as a reducing agent can affect the results of laboratory studies, for example, in determining the content of glucose, bilirubin, transaminase activity, LDH.
The preparation is prescribed with caution to patients with anemia of unknown etiology, since folic acid can interfere with the diagnosis of malignant anemia through more pronounced hematological manifestations of the disease, while allowing neurological complications to progress. When using folic acid for anemia, it is necessary to systematically carry out a blood test. It is not recommended to take the preparation for a long time (especially in high doses) due to a possible decrease in the concentration of vitamin B12.
Specific information on some of the excipients
Pikovit contains lactose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol (E420), therefore, patients with rare hereditary forms of fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption or sucrase-isomaltase deficiency should not take this preparation. Pikovit contains azo dyes E110 and E124, which may cause allergic reactions.
Patients with an established intolerance to certain sugars should consult a doctor before taking this medication.
Use during pregnancy and lactation. The preparation is intended for use in children.
During pregnancy and lactation, vitamins and minerals can be used after consulting a doctor. Pregnancy should not be planned earlier than 6-12 months after high-dose retinol therapy (more than 10,000 IU), due to the risk of embryonic disorders under the influence of high levels of vitamin A in the body.
Children. The preparation should be used in children aged 4 years and older.
The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving or operating other mechanisms. The preparation is intended for use in children.
Interactions
In connection with the possibility of developing hypervitaminosis, it is not recommended to use the preparation pikovit tablets simultaneously, with other preparations containing vitamin a, or with oral retinoids. vitamin a is not recommended to be administered concurrently with oral retinoids because the combination can be toxic. retinol can reduce the anti-inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids. cannot be taken simultaneously with nitrites and cholestyramine, because they interfere with the absorption of retinol.
When treating sulfonamides, high doses of vitamin C should be avoided to prevent crystalluria. Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron, but slows down the absorption of β-adrenergic receptor blockers and indirect anticoagulants. The simultaneous use of vitamin C and deferoxamine increases the tissue toxicity of iron, especially in the heart muscle, which can lead to decompensation of the circulatory system. Vitamin C can be used only 2 hours after deferoxamine injection. Long-term use of ascorbic acid in high doses (more than 1 g, which corresponds to the content of 100 Pikovit tablets) by persons treated with disulfiram inhibits the disulfiram-alcohol reaction. Calcium chloride, salicylates, corticosteroids, with prolonged use, reduce the reserves of ascorbic acid in the body. The absorption of ascorbic acid is reduced with the simultaneous use of fruit or vegetable juices, alkaline drinks or in the case of using Pikovit tablets, for adults - with the simultaneous use of oral contraceptives.
Pyridoxine reduces the effectiveness of levodopa if the patient is taking levodopa alone. Vitamin B6 prevents or reduces toxic manifestations that are observed with the use of isoniazid and other anti-tuberculosis preparations. Thiamin can weaken the curariform effect. PASK, cimetidine, potassium preparations, alcohol reduce the absorption of vitamin B12. Riboflavin is incompatible with streptomycin and reduces the effectiveness of antibacterial preparations (oxytetracycline, doxycycline, erythrocycline, tetracycline and lincomycin). It should be taken at least 3 hours before or 3 hours after taking the antibiotic. The tricyclic antidepressants, imipramine and amitriptyline, inhibit riboflavin metabolism, especially in the heart tissues. With simultaneous use with quinine, hemorrhages may increase.
With the simultaneous use of vitamin D3 and diuretics of the thiazide group, the risk of hypercalcemia increases. Ion exchange resins such as cholestyramine and laxatives (paraffin oil) can reduce the absorption of vitamin D3. Due to metabolic activation, the activity of vitamin D3 may decrease when used simultaneously with phenytoin or barbiturates. In this regard, the preparation is recommended to be taken 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking other medicines. Since the concomitant oral administration of preparations containing calcium and vitamin D3 enhances the effect of cardiac glycosides, it is necessary to observe a doctor and monitor an ECG during their simultaneous use.
In folate-deficient patients, folic acid supplementation can reduce plasma phenobarbital levels and cause an epileptic seizure. Ethanol, cycloserine, glutethimide, and methotrexate may interfere with folate metabolism. The absorption of folic acid decreases with simultaneous use with analgesics, anticonvulsants, antacids, sulfonamides, antibiotics, cytostatics. Cases of a decrease or change in absorption may appear with the simultaneous use of cholestyramine and folic acid. Therefore, the preparation should be taken 1 hour before or 4–6 hours after taking cholestyramine. Cannot be used simultaneously with mineral acids, alkaline substances, reducing agents, since folic acid is inactivated.
Overdose
No intoxication is expected when taken in the recommended doses. in case of an overdose, the likelihood of these adverse reactions increases, and bloating (flatulence) may occur.
Long-term use in high doses can cause hypervitaminosis A and D3, although an overdose with Pikovit tablets is unlikely. In case of an overdose of vitamin D3, weakness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, fever, convulsions, disorders of the cardiovascular system and kidneys occur. The development of hypercalcemia due to hypersensitivity to vitamin D3 is possible. The symptoms of hypercalcemia are anorexia, polyuria, nausea, vomiting, general weakness, headache, apathy, thirst. An overdose of vitamin A can lead to headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbances, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, photophobia, and seizures. If the above symptoms appear, you should stop taking the preparation and immediately consult a doctor.
With prolonged use of ascorbic acid in high doses, it is possible to suppress the function of the insular apparatus of the pancreas, so it is necessary to control its functional ability. Overdose can lead to changes in renal excretion of ascorbic and uric acids during urine acetylation with the risk of oxalate stones formation. The use of ascorbic acid in high doses can lead to heartburn. If the recommended doses are significantly exceeded (if the dose of vitamin C exceeds 1 g / day, which corresponds to 100 Pikovit tablets), renal failure, sleep disturbances, a feeling of fever, increased fatigue, impaired zinc and copper metabolism, increased excitability, erythrocytopenia, neutrophilic leukocytosis are possible.
If signs of an overdose appear, the use of the preparation should be discontinued. If possible, treatment should be started. It is necessary to induce vomiting and hydrate the body. If hypercalcemia is detected, a diet with limited amounts of calcium and vitamin D3 should be followed. Further treatment is symptomatic. Folic acid in very high doses can increase CNS excitability and cause seizures.
Storage conditions
At a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C in original packaging to protect from light and moisture.
Tags: Pikovit
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